Shalom. Here is a very basic outline of the history (and eschatology) of the Jewish Temple:
1) David/Solomon's Temple (destroyed by Babylon, 586 BC); Jer. 51:11
2a) Ezra-Nehemiah's Temple (Second Temple), built to replace the First Temple. Construction began in 516 BC.
2b) Herod's refurbishing of the Second Temple (destroyed by Romans, 70 AD)
2c) Jesus as the mystical Temple of God (Mark 14:58; John 2:10)
Future:
3) The Third (or "Tribulation" Temple) - inferred from statements made by Jesus about the End of Days
4) The Millennial Temple - i.e., "Ezekiel's Temple" (fulfills prophecies made to the Jewish nation). This Temple will commemorate the sacrificial work of Jesus as Israel's rightful King and Priest.
In the "heavenly state" of the world to come, there will be no Temple (Rev. 21:22-23).
For more detailed explanations, please see
http://www.hebrew4christians.com/Holida ... emple.htmlAs for the Kotel (Western Wall), this refers to part of the retaining wall dating from the Second Temple. It was originally part of Herod's renovation of the Second Temple, dating from 19 BC.
Shalom!
- John